This report builds on the process proposed by the Reptile and Amphibian Working Group at the Cancún NDF Workshop. The report more or less follows the sequence of topics used in the nine-step NDF process developed for Perennial Plants. Modifications were necessary due to the inherent differences in biology and trade dynamics between turtles and plants (such as aspects dealing with artificial propagation and captive breeding, farming and ranching). A number of issues that are quite pertinent to ensuring sustainable trade in turtles range beyond the scope of an NDF and in cases the mandate of the SA, but are discussed as an integral part of turtle trade considerations, in the expectation that this may assist the MA in its role in the process. Annex 1 lists references and links to pertinent sources of biological information regarding tortoises and freshwater turtles, and Annex 2 presents a series of hypothetical cases to illustrate the NDF process, the types of information used, and the considerations used to conclude whether traded quantities represent a risk of being detrimental to the survival of the exploited population.